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Liberabit ; 24(1): 9-27, ene.-jun. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1006805

ABSTRACT

El presente estudio tiene como objetivos elaborar normas locales del Test de Desarrollo Psicomotor (TEPSI) para niños argentinos y contrastar el nivel de desarrollo psicomotor y su velocidad de crecimiento entre la muestra argentina y la chilena de estandarización del instrumento. Se evaluaron 205 niños, entre 3 y 5 años de edad, que concurrían a jardines maternales públicos de la provincia de Mendoza. Se estimó la consistencia interna del test, se calcularon las correlaciones ítem-subtest, se empleó un ANOVA a priori, se calcularon las puntaciones T por grupo etario y se estimó la d de Cohen para valorar la magnitud de las diferencias entre las muestras contrastadas. El TEPSI evidenció adecuadas propiedades psicométricas y presentó alta sensibilidad para valorar las diferencias de edad en el desarrollo psicomotor de los infantes. Se registró un desempeño psicomotor superior de los preescolares argentinos en comparación con sus pares chilenos y se observaron diferentes ritmos evolutivos entre ambos grupos. Estos resultados señalan la importancia de construir normas locales actualizadas del TEPSI que contemplen las características socioculturales de cada país, en miras a obtener una evaluación precisa y confiable del desarrollo psicomotor infantil.


The goals of this study are to develop local standards for the Psychomotor Development Test (TEPSI) for Argentine children, and to contrast the level of psychomotor development and its growth rate between the Argentine and Chilean samples used for the standardization of the instrument. Two hundred five (205) children aged 3 to 5 years attending public daycare centers in the province of Mendoza were evaluated. The internal consistency of the test was estimated and item-subtest correlations were calculated. Additionally, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a priori contrast was used, T-scores per age group were calculated, and Cohen's d was estimated to assess the magnitude of the differences found between the contrasted samples. The TEPSI displayed adequate psychometric properties as well as high sensitivity to assess age differences in children's psychomotor development. Argentine pre-school children showed better psychomotor performance when compared to their Chilean peers, in a context where both groups displayed different developmental rates. These results highlight the importance of developing updated local standards for the TEPSI that consider the socio-cultural features of each country, with a view to obtaining an accurate and reliable assessment of children's psychomotor development.

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